阳明入黔前的黔中文化与文化人

Central Guizhou's Culture and Cultural Practitioners Prior to Wang Yangming's Entry into Guizhou

对阳明入黔前的黔中文化的考察,至少可从两个方面入手加以展开:文化本身以及从事文化的人。文化本身的考察则主要以儒、释、道三学的传播与开展为中心,其基本结论是在儒学方面:一是无学理可究,只在教民化俗;二是除"汉代三杰"外,既无名儒可举,亦无卓著可考。随着移民潮的来临,佛道二教亦在黔中发展开来。黔中的文化人则可梳理出三个不同阶段,即"汉代三杰""唐至元""明初至明中"来加以描绘,这些文化人,特别是第三阶段的大大小小的文化人纷纷汇入到业已形成的儒、释、道三潮中,已然成为了阳明心学催生与黔中王学形成的一个不可缺少的重要原因。

An examination on Central Guizhou＇ s culture prior to Wang Yangming＇ s entry into Guizhou can be conducted in two aspects at least, namely culture itself and cultural practitioners. The former is related to the communication and spread of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, with a fundamental conclusion on Confucianism： there is no school of learning attributable for moral instructions are the focus; there is no expert other than ＂Three Scholars of the Han Dynasty＂ concerned. With an increase of immigrants, Buddhism and Taoism began to spread in Central Guizhou. For the latter, that is, cultural practitioners, it is argued that they mainly appeared in the Han Dynasty （Three Scholars of the Han Dynasty）, the Tang to Yuan Dynasties, and the Early Ming to Mid - Ming Dynasty Era. Particularly, in the Third Stage many cul- tural practitioners, famous or ordinary, came to Guizhou, forming a central component of Wang Yangrning Mentalism and School in the cultural blending of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.