某司法警院法律专业大学生健康素养现况调查及影响因素分析

Health Literacy and Influencing Factors among Majors of Law in a Judicial Police Vocational College

目的分析某司法警院法律专业大学生健康素养现况及影响因素,为加强法律专业大学生健康教育与健康促进工作建设提供科学依据。方法 2017年3-5月,采用整群抽样方法对江西某司法警院法律专业在校大学生1027人进行问卷调查,采用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷(2012版)》及自制的一般资料调查表。问卷得分达到总分80%及以上,被判定为具备基本健康素养。具备基本健康素养人数与总人数之比即为健康素养水平。结果 1027名法律专业大学生的总健康素养水平为13.24%,基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能的素养水平分别为15.77%、15.00%、7.30%;科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救、基本医疗、健康信息的素养水平分别为28.63%、14.90%、14.61%、27.75%、9.64%、14.41%。多因素Logistic回归分析得:民族、年级、专业、BMI、网络游戏时间/周、锻炼次数/周、父母的最高学历7个指标是法律专业大学生健康素养水平的影响因素。其健康素养水平随年级升高而升高,且二年级的健康素养水平是一年级的2.176倍(95%CI为1.011~4.732);三年级是一年级的3.755倍(95%CI为1.820~7.748),四年级是一年级的7.195倍(95%CI为3.546~14.602);体质量超重者的健康素养水平是正常者的0.224倍(95%CI为0.075~0.669);每周玩网络游戏>5 h的比≤5 h的具有更低的健康素养水平(OR为0.213,95%CI为0.071~0.639);每周锻炼次数>3次的比≤3次的具有更高的健康素养水平(OR为2.908,95%CI为1.818~4.652)。结论法律专业大学生健康素养水平仍需提高,相关部门应积极采取有效措施,提升其健康素养。

Objective To investigate the health literacy（HL） and its influencing factors among law students at Jiangxi Judicial Police Vocational College in order to provide data for health education and promotion.Methods Data was obtained with the ＂ Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire（2012 version） ＂ from 1027 law students in Jiangxi Judicial Police Vocational College between March and May in 2017 and cluster sampling method was used.A total score of more than 80 points was determined as adequate HL,whereas the HL level was defined as the proportion of students who had adequate HL out of the total number of participants.Results Among all the law students at Jiangxi Judicial Police Vocational College,the overall HL level was 13.24%,while literacy levels of health knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyles and behaviors,and of health related skills were 15.77%,15.00% and 7.30%,respectively.Literacy levels of correct views of health,infectious disease prevention,chronic disease prevention,safety and emergency treatment,basic healthcare and health information were 28.63%,14.90%,14.61%,27.75%,9.64% and 14.41%,respectively.Seven indicators,including race,grade,major,BMI,time spent playing online games weekly,amounts of physical exercise per week,and parents＇ education levels,were associated with the HL level that increased with the grade.The HL level of sophomores was 2.176 times that of freshmen（95% CI is 1.011 - 4.732）,the HL level of third-year students was 3.755 times that of freshmen（95% CI is 3.546 - 14.602）,the HL level of fourth-year students was 7.195 times that of freshmen（95% CI is 3.546 - 14.602）,the HL level of overweight students was 0.224 times（95% CI 0.075 - 0.669） that of students of normal weight,the HL level of law students who played online games 5 hours weekly was lower than that of students who played less than 5 hours（OR is 0.213,95% CI is 0.071 - 0.639）,and law students who exercised more than 3 times a week had a higher HL level than those who exercised less than 3 times（OR 2.908,95% CI is1.818 - 4.652）.Conclusion The overall health literacy level of the law students needes to be improved and the departments concerned should take effective measures to promote it.