某地区976名居民对脑卒中的认知水平及危险因素管理现状分析

Levels of Knowledge of Stroke among 976 Residents in a neighborhood and Risk Factor Control

目的探究某地区976名居民对脑卒中的认知水平及危险因素管理现状。方法选取2015年1月-2017年1月某地区976名居民为研究对象,采用自行设计的《脑卒中认知水平及管理状况问卷》对976名居民进行问卷调查。结果 976名居民中存在脑卒中史者355例(36.37%),无脑卒中史者621例(63.63%),两组在年龄、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、心脏病、颈动脉狭窄、同型半胱氨酸>15μmol/L方面存在明显差异(P<0.05);脑卒中史组患者对影响脑卒中的危险因素及其与心脏病、同型半胱氨酸>15μmol/L关系的认知水平较无脑卒中史组高(P<0.05);两组在吸烟史、酗酒史、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、心脏病、颈动脉狭窄、同型半胱氨酸>15μmol/L方面未控制情况存在明显差异性(P<0.05),在优、良、差危险因素管理水平中存在明显差异(P<0.05)。结论该地区居民对脑卒中的认知水平及危险因素管理控制率较低,相关部门应加强对该地区居民的健康教育力度。

Objective To investigate the amount of knowledge of stroke and control of risk factors among 976 residents in an area.Methods A total of 976 residents in a neighborhood were selected between January 2015 and January 2017 as subjects.A self-designed questionnaire on levels of knowledge and effect of control of stroke was used to conduct a survey among these residents.Results 355 cases（36.37%） had stroke history,but 621 cases（63.63%） had no history of stroke.Significant difference was detected in age,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia,heart disease,carotid artery stenosis and homocysteine 〉15 μmol/L（P〈0.05）.Patients in the stroke group had a better knowledge of risk factors of stroke,and its correlations with heart disease and homocysteine 〉15 mol/L than those in the no history of stroke group（P 〈0.05）.Significant difference was detected between the two groups in smoking history,alcohol drinking,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidemia,heart disease,carotid stenosis,and control of homocysteine（P〈0.05）.Significant difference was also detected in the effect of control of different risk factors between the two groups（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The residents＇ knowledge of both stroke and risk factor control in this neighborhood is low,so releted departments should strengthen health education among these residents.