饮用水遗传毒性评价方法建立和应用

Establishment and application of evaluation method for genotoxicity of drinking water

建立了一组多效应终点、多层次的饮用水遗传毒性测试体系,并用于盐城某水厂饮用水处理工艺的评价.采用Ames试验菌株TA98和TA100检测水样浓集物致突变效应,分别利用人外周血淋巴细胞微核试验和彗星试验检测染色体结构损伤和DNA链断裂程度.Ames试验结果显示,水样浓集物在0.5~2.0 L/皿的浓度范围内未出现致突变性.微核试验中原水、砂滤水和出厂水均表现出较强的致染色体畸变作用,0.125 L的剂量即可引起淋巴细胞微核细胞率的升高,经过臭氧-生物活性炭处理后各剂量均与对照无差异.彗星试验结果显示,各水样均在不同剂量下对淋巴细胞DNA造成损伤,原水、出厂水、砂滤水、生物活性炭(BAC)水的作用剂量分别为0.25,0.25,0.50和1.00 L,损伤程度从大到小依次为原水、出厂水、砂滤水、BAC水.

A set of multi-effect endpoints and multi-level drinking water genotoxicity test system was established and applied to evaluate the drinking water treatment process in a water plant in Yancheng. Ames tester strains TA98 and TA100 w ere used to detect the mutagenic effects of water extracts. The micronucleus test and the comet assay of human peripheral blood lymphocyte were applied to detect chromosome breakage and DNA damage. The results of the Ames test show that mutagenicity is not observed in the range of 0. 5 to 2. 0 L/plate of water samples. The results of the micronucleus test exhibit that raw water,sand filter water and treated water are strong clastogenic,and can increase the lymphocyte micronucleus cell rate with the dose of 0. 125 L. After the treatment with ozone and biological activated carbon,each dose has no difference with the control. The results of the comet assay show that water samples can damage DNA of lymphocyte at different doses. The effecting doses of raw water,tap water,sand filter water,and biological activated carbon（ BAC）water are 0. 25,0. 25,0. 50,and 1. 00 L. The degree of damage from large to small is raw water,tap water,sand filter water,and BAC water.