我国城市青少年校外体育锻炼行为变化阶段与变化程序关系的研究

Relationship between the Stage and Process of Exercise Behavior of Teenagers

以社会病理学、教育病理学、健康教育学和锻炼心理学等相关理论为指导,采用问卷调查等方法,以3000名学生为调查对象,探讨了校外体育锻炼行为变化阶段与变化程序的关系。研究结果表明,在校外体育锻炼行为的不同变化阶段的预测中,变化程序的不同下位要素做出了不同的贡献。据此提出了修正校外体育锻炼的主要举措:(1)拓宽激发青少年学生参与校外体育锻炼主观意愿的途径;(2)加大宣传力度,提高校外体育锻炼支持政策的感知度;(3)构建友善的重要他人关系,提供催生体育锻炼行为的社会支持基础;(4)丰富奖赏手段,提升参与体育锻炼的持续性;(5)加强锻炼缺乏危害性教育,营造重视身体规训的氛围;(6)开发体育锻炼替代行为,留出选择空间;(7)丰富体育锻炼经历,培养体育锻炼"不满足"的青少年学生。

In the direction of related theory,this paper investigated 3000 students in order to discuss the relationship between the change of phase of extracurricular physical exercise behavior and change program. We find that the different sub elements of the change program contribute to the prediction of different stages of change. At the same time,we make the following suggestions.( 1) We should broaden the way in order to stimulate young students to participate in extracurricular physical exercise subjective.( 2) We should increase publicity and improve the perception of extracurricular sports support policy.( 3) Construct friendly important relationship with others and provide social support foundation for physical exercise behavior.( 4) Enriching the means of reward,enhance the continuity of participation in physical exercise.( 5) Strengthening the endanger education of excise lack,build the atmosphere that pays attention to body discipline.( 6) Educator should develop alternative exercise behaviors as to leave room for choice.( 7) The teachers can enrich the experience of physical training in order to cultivate physical exercise " not satisfied" young students.