因袭与善创:王国维的“知人论世”思想与批评实践探析

Inheritance and Development:Wang Guowei's Reflection and Practice on “Zhi Ren Lun Shi” Thought

在理论层面,王国维通过重新阐释"知人论世"使其从经学层面的论述走向诗学层面的论述,并提出了具体的解诗步骤。在文学批评实践层面,王国维在延续传统"人格"说的同时,通过使用心理学概念纵向挖掘"人"的深度,使"人"从经学中剥离出来;通过将地域与作家联系起来考察拓展了"世"的广度,并在地域与文学关系的问题上让地域特色服务于文学分析,提出了新的见解。虽然王国维由于坚持"人格"说而使有些结论失之偏颇,但是他的研究思路仍有诸多值得借鉴之处。

In theory, Wang Guowei converts the discourse of ＂Zhi Ren Lun Shi＂ from the study of Confucian classics to the literature through reinterpretation, and puts forward concrete steps to analyze poetry. In the practice of literary criticism, Wang Gaowei in- herits the traditional ＂personality＂ and at the same time, he analyzes ＂human＂ deeply by using related psychologic concepts, dissociat- ing ＂human＂ from its explanations in Confucian classics. In the relationship between region and literature, he puts the local characteristic after the literary analysis and develops new ideas, bring the traditional ＂world＂ to a new level. Although he makes mistakes in literary criticism because he insists on the principle of ＂personality＂, his many ideas are still worthy of reference.