论《山谷词》的用调特色

Commentary on Characteristics of the Tunes of “ShanguCi”

黄庭坚有较为明确的选调意识。通过对黄庭坚所用词调及其内容、形式的考察,可以发现黄庭坚在用调上有以下特征:时间分布上,山谷晚年贬谪时期的用调较早年更为集中,词作数量也激增;且同调词作在形态上都很相似,题材多以酬赠为主。这一现象的产生,与他后期词受到东坡影响有一定关系。词调选择上,黄庭坚偏好使用僻调来写情词和俗词,有"好新求奇"的一面,同时也受到以柳永为首的婉约词家的影响。此外,黄庭坚有不少自创的词调和词体,开拓和丰富了词调的种类和体式,为词调的发展作出了贡献。

Huang Tingjian has a clear awareness of choosing the tunes of ci poetry. This paper examines the contents and the forms of the tunes of ci poetry used by Huang Tingjian, and we find that ShanguCi have the following characteristics： in terms of episodic feature, Shangu uses some certain tunes ofci poetry more frequently after he was banished in his old age. During this period, the quantity of his ci poetry has substantially got higher and he tends to use the same tune to express similar emotion. The main subject of his ei poetry is about reciprocation, which is closely linked to Sushi＇s influences. On the options of the tunes, Huang Tingjian prefers to use rare tunes to write ci on love and these ci poems involve many slangs. It is slightly unconventional, and he is also influenced by some graceful ci writers, such as Liu Yong. In addition, Huang Tingjian pioneers quite a few new tunes and styles of ci poetry. He enriches the types of tunes and makes a true contribution to the development of the tunes of ci poetry.