联合国维和行动武力使用规范的思考

On Use of Force in the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations

维和行动并不是传统意义上的军事行动,其本质上是一种维护世界和平的政治手段。本文通过对维和行动历史的梳理,以联合国相关文件的出台将维和行动划分为几个阶段,阐述不同阶段维和行动中的武力使用内容并辅之以比较典型的维和行动分析。目前给维和行动武力使用造成困扰的,一方面是严峻的行动环境,另一方面是有关方面对武力使用不一致的看法。维和行动并不排斥武力,同时,武力使用伴随维和行动发展而不断演变。因此,对武力使用的谈论,应该尽快从"应不应该使用"转到"该如何使用"上。

The Peacekeeping Operation is not the traditional military action. Essentially,it is the political means to safeguard the world peace. This article analyzes the history of peacekeeping operations which are divided into several stages based on documents of peacekeeping operations by the United Nations,and the utilization of force in different stages of peacekeeping operations,supplementing with an analysis of some typical peacekeeping operations. From the present study,we summarize the dilemmas of the operations as that,on one hand,the environments of the operations are rigorous,and on the other hand,there are different viewpoints on the use of force. Peacekeeping is not exclusive of force. On the contrary,it is evolving with the development of peacekeeping operations. The issue on the use of force,therefore,should be transferred from "yes or no"to "how to".