试论师幼关系的公共属性

A Discussion of the Public Attribute of Teacher-child Relationship in the Nursery School

在既有的学理探究中,对于师幼关系这一发生在公共教育领域特定角色之间的教育关系,人们惯于从亲密性的角度加以分析,将师幼关系与亲子关系类比,使师幼关系的理论探讨散漫化、简单化和浪漫化。在实践中,师幼距离过近,导致教师公正客观教育观念的淡化、“爱”的教育情意的散漫以及随意教育行为的滋生。事实上,师幼关系与亲子关系有实质性不同,既具有“私人伦理”属性也具有“公共伦理”属性,其公共属性主要表现为公正性、义务性、专业性。为澄清理论研究与幼教实践中有关师幼关系的一系列问题,需要对师幼关系的公共属性加以明确,以公正性为基本前提,以专业性为支点,以实现师幼关系的义务性要求为目标,从而唤起人们对教育世界中师幼关系合理边界的觉知与尊重,提升教师的职业素养、道德品质与实践能力。

In the daily life and academic field,as an established educational role in the field of public education,teacher-child relationship is usually understood as the parent-child relationship.However,teacher-child relationship is positively different from parent-child relationship.As a special teacherstudent relationship,teacher-child relationship has both intimacy nature of parent-child relationship and the public nature of teacher-student relationship.To simply compare the teacher-child relationship as parent-child relationship will undoubtedly ignore the public nature of the teacher-child relationship relationship.This is also the fundamental reason of the practice of teachers and children in the random relationship,lacking of education,"private ethics"on the"professional ethics"arrogance and so on.In order to deal with these problems,it is necessary to clarify the public attributes of the teacher-child relationship so as to arouse people’s awareness and respect for the reasonable boundaries of the relationship between teachers and children in education.