6种杀菌剂对果树园林植物锈病的防治效果研究

Control Efficacy of Six Fungicides Against Rust of Fruit Trees and Garden Plants

通过6种杀菌剂田间防效试验,筛选防治锈病新型高效、低毒杀菌剂。同时,通过不同化学防治措施试验,选择出最佳防病技术。采用喷雾法将6种杀菌剂连续喷施3次,每次调查药前和药后叶片的病情指数及防治效果。结果表明,第3次药后1个月后,40%多·福·溴菌腈可湿性粉剂1 000倍液、25%嘧菌酯悬浮剂+10%苯醚甲环唑微乳剂连袋1 000倍液防治效果最好,均达到98.5%以上;其次是62.25%锰锌·腈菌唑可湿性粉剂650倍液,防治效果达到95.71%;25%腈菌唑乳油700倍液防治效果一般;30%氟菌唑可湿性粉剂3 000倍液和70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂700倍液防效最差,仅达到47.27%和18.99%。因此,25%嘧菌酯悬浮剂+10%苯醚甲环唑微乳剂连袋、40%多·福·溴菌腈可湿性粉剂、62.25%锰锌·腈菌唑可湿性粉剂3种新型杀菌剂可在生产上推广应用。

In order to screen out the new type,high efficiency and low toxicity fungicides to control the rust of fruit trees and garden plants,the field trials by using six fungicides were carried out.At the same time,the best prevention technology was chosen from different measures to prevent disease.By the method of spray,six kinds of fungicides sprayed three times in a row,the disease index and the control efficacy were investigated before and after spraying fungicides,respectively.The results showed that 1 000 times 40% carbendazim·thiram·bromothalonil WP and 1 000 times 25%azoxystrobin SC+10% difenoconazol ME bag-linking were the best for controlling the rust one month after the third spray,the control efficacy was all above 98.5%.Secondly,control efficacy of 650 times 62.25% mancozeb·myclobutanil WP achieved 95.71%;the control effect of 700 times 25%myclobutanil EC was general;3 000 times 30% triflumizole WP and 700 times 70% thiophanate-methyl WP were the worst,their control efficacy was just as 47.27% and 18.99%,respectively.Therefore,40% carbendazim·thiram·bromothalonil WP,25% azoxystrobin SC+10% difenoconazol ME baglinking and 62.25% mancozeb·myclobutanil WP can be applied in production.