组合活化制备高孔隙率球形多孔炭及其超级电容性能

Preparation of highly porous carbon spheres by combined activation process as supercapacitor electrode materials

球形多孔炭具有堆实密度高、电极制作容易、比电容高等优点,是超级电容器理想的电极材料。优化球形多孔炭的比表面积和孔径结构是提高其储能性能的重要途径。本文将氯化锌活化剂与间苯二酚-六次甲基四胺原位共聚,再低温化学活化或辅以二氧化碳物理活化,得到了比表面积1947 m^2/g,孔体积1.27 cm^3/g的球形多孔炭。在1 mol/L的TEABF_4/PC电解液中,以所制球形多孔炭为电极的超级电容器在功率密度分别为259和9519W/kg时,比能量达到30和15 Wh/kg,且在1 A/g循环5000次后,比容量仍然保持在84%。

Spherical porous carbons （SPCs） are considered as ideal electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their high packing density, high specific capacitance and ease of handling for electrode preparation. Further optimizing the specific surface area and pore structure of SPCs is the major way to improve their energy storage properties. Herein, SPCs with a high specific surface area of 1947 m2/g and a large total pore volume of 1.27 cm3/g were prepared by copolymerizing zinc chloride with resorcinol and hexamethylenetetramine （HMT） followed by single chemical activation or combined chemical-physical activation. In 1 mol/L TEABF4/PC electrolyte, the supercapacitor assembled by the prepared SPCs show energy densities of 30 Wh/kg and 15 Wh/kg at powder densities of 259 Wh/kg and 9519 W/kg, respectively. After 5000 cycles at 1 A/g, a specific energy density of 84% is still preserved.