氮肥对紧凑型夏玉米农艺性状 产量和生育期的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield,Agronomic Characters and Growth Period of Compact Summer Maize

以邢玉11号为试材,在底施等量磷肥和钾肥条件下,尿素施用量设0(CK)、270、360、450和540 kg/hm^2计5个水平,研究了不同施氮量对紧凑型夏玉米产量、产量性状、农艺性状及生育期的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥可显著增加玉米株高、穂位高、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重和产量,且指标值随着施氮量的增加而逐渐增大;显著降低玉米秃尖长度,且指标值随着施氮量的增加而逐渐减小;缩短生育期,但对穗粗影响不大。其中,施氮量450与540 kg/hm^2处理的玉米产量、产量性状、农艺性状和生育期差异均不显著。从经济角度考虑,邢玉11号的适宜施氮量为450 kg/hm^2。

Under the condition of bottom application of equal amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassiumfertilizer,five levels of urea（0,270,360,450 and 540 kg/hm^2） were used to study the effects of differentnitrogen rates on the yield,yield traits,agronomic traits and growth period of compact type summer maizeXingyu No.11. The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the plantheight,ear height,ear length,grain number,1 000 grain weight and yield,and the index value increasedwith the increasing of nitrogen. The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly reduce the bare tiplength and the index value decreased gradually with the increasing of nitrogen,which could shorten the growthperiod,but it had little effect on the ear diameter. There were no significant differences in yield,yield traits,agronomic traits and growth period between 450 and 540 kg/hm^2of nitrogen. View on the economic,thesuitable amount of nitrogen fertilizer for Xingyu No.11 was 450 kg/hm^2.