丝绸产品基准水足迹核算与评价

Calculation and Assessment of Benchmark Water Footprint of Silk Products

水足迹是水资源环境负荷评价的重要工具,水短缺足迹和水劣化足迹可以评价水资源消耗和水污染物排放的水环境负荷。本文基于ISO 14046标准,结合取水定额和水污染排放标准对丝绸产品生产加工阶段的基准水足迹进行核算和评价,分析丝绸产品生产工艺链段的水资源环境负荷。结果表明:缫丝、染整和织造各工艺链段的基准水短缺足迹分别为682.7m^(3 )H_2O eq/t、297m^(3 )H_2O eq/t和252.5m^(3 )H_2O eq/t;缫丝废水中的氨氮、总氮和染整废水中的AOX、总氮是引发水体富营养化的主要污染物,基准水体富营养化足迹分别为273kgPO_4^(3-)eq/t、255.78kgPO_4^(3-)eq/t、228kgPO_4^(3-)eq/t和187.92kgPO_4^(3-)eq/t;染整废水中的硫化物导致水体酸化,基准水酸化足迹为0.003 3kgSO_2eq/t,总锑具有一定的水体生态毒性,基准水体生态毒性足迹为0.28m^(3 )H_2O eq/t。

Water footprint is an important tool for evaluating environmental load of water resources.Water shortage footprint and water degradation footprint can be used to evaluate the water environment load of water resource consumption and water pollutant discharge.Based on ISO 14046and combined with the water quota and water pollution discharge standards,this paper calculated and assessed the benchmark water footprint in the production nd processing stage of silk products,and analyzed the environment load of water resources of the silk products in the each process stage.The results show that the benchmark water discharge footprint of the silk reeling stage,dyeing stage and weaving stage is 682.7m^(3 )H_2O eq/t,297m^(3 )H_2O eq/t and 252.5m^(3 )H_2O eq/t.The NH_3-N and TN in the wastewater in silk reeling stage as well as AOX and N in the wastewater in the dyeing stage are the main pollutants resulting in eutrophication.The eutrophication footprint of benchmark water is273kg PO_4^(3-)eq/t,255.78kg PO_4^(3-)eq/t,228kg PO_4^(3-)eq/t,187.92kg PO_4^(3-)eq/t.The sulfide in the wastewater in silk dyeing stage causes water acidification.The acidification footprint of benchmark water is 0.0033kg SO_(2 )eq/t.TA has certain water toxicity,and the toxicity footprint of benchmark water is 0.28m^(3 )H_2O eq/t.