康德教育哲学形成的内在逻辑

The Inner Logic Clue of the Formation of Kant's Educational Philosophy

康德的教育哲学思想是其哲学思想体系的一个组成部分。康德从哲学的高度把教育分为"自然的教育"和"实践的教育",前者教人生活在自然的王国,后者使人进入自由的王国。康德在教育学上的这种划分,是以其哲学体系中的先验主义认识论和先验主义道德论为基础的,前者规定了教育的限度,后者成为论证自由教育的前提。康德的哲学体系,是对近代哲学自身发展过程中出现的困境所作出的回应:调和哲学独断论和怀疑主义;解决机械决定论与意志自由的矛盾。因此,康德教育哲学的形成有其历史必然性。这就是康德教育哲学形成的内在逻辑线索。

Kanfs education philosophy was an integral part of his philosophy system. Kant divided education into “natural education” and “practical education” from the height of philosophy. The former taught people to live in the kingdom of nature, and the latter let people enter the kingdom of freedom. Kanfs division to his theory of education was based on his philosophy system of transcendental epistemology and transcendental moral theory. The former defined the limit of education, and the latter was the premise of the demonstration of liberal education. Kanfs philosophy system was a response to the dilemma of the development of modem philosophy. It tried to reconcile the philosophy of dogmatism and skepticism. It also tried to solve the contradiction between the mechanical determinism and the freedom of will. Therefore, the formation of Kant5s education philosophy had its historical inevitability. It was the inner logic clue of the formation of Kanfs education philosophy.