中国农村生育模式的区域差异分析——村庄社会结构的视角简

An Analysis about Regional Disparity of Fertility Patterns in Rural China------ the view of social structure

农民的生育行为呈现出明显的区域差异,“发展-计划生育-生育”模型无法对其进行解释,需要纳入新的变量.对不同区域生育意愿与生育空间的分析发现,特定的村庄社会结构形塑出特定类型的生育行为,进而影响总和生育率与出生性别比的空间分布.南方团结型村庄旺盛的生育动力与较大的生育空间,形成了相对高生育率一高出生性别比的“传统型”生育行为.北方分裂型村庄的强烈生男偏好在有限生育空间的挤压下,形成了低生育率-高性别比的“过渡型”生育行为.中部分散型村庄受到现代性与国家力量的双重冲击,生育意愿与生育空间快速收缩,呈现出双低的“现代型”生育行为.强调社会结构的区域差异,旨在说明人口转变的多层次性与复杂性,有助于深化对中国人口的全面认识.

the change of peasants’ fertility patterns presents Regional Disparity obviously. The model of ^development-family planning-fertility” can ’ t provide a reasonable explanation, and it needs new variate that to further understand peasants ’ fertility patterns. The analysis of the fertility desire and fertility room in different region found that a specific village social structure shape out of specific types of fertility behavior, will affect fertility patterns of spatial distribution. In southern united type village, peasants have exuberant fertility motivation and larger fertility room, which forms the traditional fertility patterns with “high fertility - high birth sex ratio” . In schizotypal north village, the Strong male preference was squeezed by the small fertility room, which caused the transitional fertility patterns with “low fertility rate- high birth sex ratio” . In Dispersible central village, the fertility intentions and fertility room both be cut shout because of the double impact of modernity and national strength, and people have a modern fertility patterns with “low fertility rate- low birth sex ratio” . Emphasize the social structure of regional differences, aims to illustrate the multilayered and complexity of the demographic transition, which helps to deepen the comprehensive understanding of China＇s population.