宁夏中卫常乐墓地汉代人群的体型研究

Research on Body Shape of the People in the Han Dynasty at Changle Cemetery of Ningxia

体型(body shape)作为体质人类学研究中的一项重要指标,直接反映了个体的形态特征。该指标与人类的微观演化、环境适应性和行为习惯等因素密切相关,为衡量古代人群的体质特征提供了新的切入点。运用生物力学和形态测量学两种方法,对宁夏中卫常乐墓地2008、2012年出土的42例汉代人骨标本进行身高、体质量推算后发现,在身高指标上,通过与其他汉代人群和宁夏地区现代人群进行比较,常乐墓地男性居民的平均身高处于汉代中等水平,女性身高则相对较低,但男女两性人群的平均身高均略低于宁夏地区现代人群的平均身高;在体质量指标上,常乐墓地汉代人群的平均体质量略高于宁夏地区现代人群的平均数值。

Body shape,as an important indicator of physical anthropology research,directly reflects the morphological characteristics of individuals. This indicator is closely related to the micro-evolution,environmental adaptability and behavior habits and other factors of human beings and provides a new entry point for measuring the physical characteristics of ancient people. The two methods,namely biomechanics and morphometry,are used to study the height and body mass of 42 cases of Han bone specimens unearthed in Zhongwei Changle cemetery of Ningxia in 2008 and 2012. On the height index,compared with other Han people and modern people in Ningxia,the average height of male residents in Changle cemetery is at the middle level of the Han Dynasty,while the height of females is relatively low,but the average height of both sexes is slightly lower than that of modern people in Ningxia area. In terms of body mass index,the average body mass of Han people in Changle cemetery is slightly higher than the average value of modern population in Ningxia.