马口鱼规模化人工繁殖技术的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Large-Scale of Artificial Propagation Techniques of Opsariichthys bidens

于2016~2017年进行了人工养殖条件下马口鱼规模化人工繁殖试验,并对其胚胎发育进行了观察。结果表明:对人工养殖的马口鱼亲本注射混合催产激素,可以促使成熟的雌鱼产卵,在水温17~24.5℃条件下,效应时间为17.5~20.5h,在孵化水温(23±1)℃条件下,从受精卵到仔鱼出膜需52.17 h,孵化积温需要1 199.91 h·℃,胚胎发育过程经过卵裂-原肠、器官形成和出苗期等三个阶段。试验共获得受精卵44万粒,初孵仔鱼29万尾,催产率、受精率和孵化率分别为83.13%、80.23%和80.95%。马口鱼的卵为圆形,呈桔黄色或浅黄色。马口鱼规模化人工繁殖的成功可为该鱼的人工养殖和人工增殖放流提供了充足的苗种,也为其它溪流性鱼类规模化繁殖提供借鉴。

The large-scale of artificial propagation techniques of Opsariichthys bidens was studied from 2016 to 2017 years. The embryonic developmental form fertilization to hatching was observed under a light mi-croscope. The results indicated that female fish could spawn easily and it＇s about 17.5-20.5 hours for the fish at ambient temperature 17-24.5 T after being injected the hormone mixture. At the temperature thedevelopmental time of embryonic of 0. bidens was 52.17 hours and the accumulative temperature was 1 199.91 h·℃ from fertilization to the hatching. According to the morphological feature, the embryonic development of the fish was divided into 3 stages, including blastula-Gastrula period, organogenetic period and eleutheroem- bryonic period. A total of 440 000 fertilized eggs and 290 000 hatching-out larvae were obtained. The induced spawning rate, fertilization rate and hatching rate were 83.13%, 80.23% and 80.95%, respectively. The eggs of 0. bidens were round, or orange or light yellow in color. The research on large-scale of artificial propagation techniques of 0. bidens might provide sufficient fry and promote the culture and propagation of 0. bidens. It will contribute to large-scale production of the fish that lives in a stream