基于遗传算法的建筑容积率优化研究与设计

Research and Design of Building Plot Ratio Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm

为了自动确定拟建建筑的容积率,提出一种基于遗传算法的最大容积率计算方法,并设计出一套实用软件。求解拟建建筑最佳容积率,是一个NP问题,遗传算法是一种进化优化算法,能够有效地解决这种NP优化问题。所提方法首先计算太阳高度角;然后,由太阳高度角和其他参数,计算拟建建筑的棒影长度;最后,基于日照约束条件,采用遗传算法自动计算拟建建筑的最佳高度,从而进一步计算最佳容积率。满足日照最低要求计算建筑的最佳高度是软件的核心技术。在建筑申报前计算出该地块的建筑最佳高度,进一步计算日照约束下的最大容积率。在建筑申报前,该系统能够计算出地块建筑最佳容积率,提高了建筑设计的科学性和便捷性,也为建筑行业设计提供一种良好设计方法。

In order to automatically determine the plot ratio of the proposed building,a method for calculating the maximum plot ratio based on genetic algorithm is proposed,and a set of practical software is designed.It is a NP problem to solve the optimal plot ratio of the proposed building.Genetic algorithm is an evolutionary optimization algorithm which can effectively solve this NP optimization problem.The first method is to calculate the height angle of the sun.Then,the shadow length of the proposed building is calculated by the height angle of the sun and other parameters.Finally,based on the sunlight constraint conditions,the optimal height of the proposed building is calculated automatically by genetic algorithm,so as to further calculate the optimal plot ratio.It is the core technology of the software to calculate the optimal height of the building.Before the construction declaration,the system can calculate the optimal plot ratio of the plot,improve the feasibility and convenience of the architectural design,and provide a good design method for the design of the building industry.