泰州市农业面源污染源解析及其空间异质性研究

Source Apportionment and Spatial Heterogeneity of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Taizhou City

采用清单分析法、构建压力—响应指标体系,研究江苏省泰州市化肥施用、作物秸秆、畜禽养殖、水产养殖、农村生活中化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的污染负荷及其在空间上的分布差异。结果表明,2015年泰州市农业面源污染引起的COD、TN、TP实物排放量分别为51 727.46、49 768.90、5 666.26t/年,相应的等标排放量分别为2 586.37、49 768.90、28 331.29 t/年;对应的排放浓度分别为16.11、15.50、1.77 mg/L。泰州市农业面源污染的主要污染物为TN和TP,主要污染源是化肥施用和水产养殖,主要污染区域为兴化市、姜堰区、泰兴市,并针对性地提出泰州各市(区)农业面源污染防治措施。

The pollution load and distribution of chemical oxygen demand（COD）,total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）from different fertilizer,crop straw,livestock breeding,aquaculture and rural life in Taizhou,Jiangsu province,was studied,using the method of inventory analysis and ＂pressure response＂ index system.The results showed that the real emissions amount of COD,TN and TP from agricultural non-point source pollution was 51 727.46,49 768.90,5 666.26 t/a,corresponding to the standard emissions for 2 586.37,49 768.90,28 331.29 t/a respectively,the corresponding emission concentration were 16.11,15.50,1.77 mg/L.The main pollutants of agricultural non-point source pollution were TN and TP,the main sources of pollution were fertilizer application and aquaculture,and the main pollution areas in Taizhou were Xinghua,Jiangyan and Taixing,and the agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control measures of Taizhou city were put forward.