道教养生思想与中国素食传统

The Taoist Health Preserving Thought and Chinese Vegetarian Tradition

道教的修炼体系中,辟谷是较为常见且影响深远的一种修炼方法。考究辟谷和服食在道教修炼中的实际应用可以发现,辟谷并非绝对意义上的不吃不喝,而是减少饮食,食用以草木制成的辟谷药;服食中所食用的"仙药"也多是各种菌类或者本草类食物,而断绝荤腥肉食。许多道教神仙传说也从侧面反映出道教认为素食有益长生的思想,这些都对后来素食风气的流布和素食主义的形成起到了促进作用。

In the Taoism practice system,Bigu and Fushi are the most common two cultivation methods,and have a far - reaching influence. Investigating the actual application in the Taoism practice system,Bigu is not to eat or to drink nothing absolutely,it is eating less and eating grass made medicine. The elixiris also made of fungus or herbal foods,and Fushi calls people don’ t eat meat. Many tales of Taoism alsoreflected that vegetarian diet is beneficial to immortality. These thoughts spread the vegetarian custom andformed the vegetarianism.