清道光朝定海北洋督巡渔汛政策研究

On the Inspection and Protection of Fishing Season in Dinghai North Marine during Daoguang Period of the Qing Dynasty

督巡渔汛是中央政府在每年渔汛期间,派遣水师官兵前赴渔船网捕地点,对渔民作业进行监督和巡护的政策。作为清政府针对渔汛期的重要海洋治理政策,于定海北洋区域每年黄鱼汛期间得到规范化施行,并在较长时段内保持着"形变核不变"的特点。该政策在"安民"与"扰民"两端发挥着社会影响,折射出清政府海洋治理观念的滞后。以军事化的巡洋政策来管理渔汛这一经济活动,限制了国家向海洋探索的可能性。

Inspection and protection of fishing season is a policy that the central government sent navy to supervise and protect the fish-ing boats during the annual fishing season. This policy was standardly executed in the Dinghai North Marine during the Yellow River fish-ing season in Dinghai northern region when the arrival of yellow croaker fishing season. In a long period of time, the essence of this poli-cy remained unchanged. This policy caused social influence onboth “ stabilizing people” and “ disturbing people”,which reflected the lag of marine consciousness from the Qing government. To manage the economic activities of fishingwith a militarized policy restricted the possibility of exploring the sea.