大型国际体育赛事风险提炼和安保治理

Risk Extraction and Security Management of Large-scale International Sports Events

大型国际体育赛事的成功举办必须有可靠的安全保障。赛事风险可以分为外部和内部两大类型。外部风险包括恐怖主义、群体性事件、极端个人事件等;内部风险包括参会运动员的主体风险、安保各部门间的协同风险、安保指挥系统内部的协调风险等。安保理性是在鼓励参与的前提下控制风险,这就需要重构安保模式。新型安保治理模式由平等型的安保结构、规范性的安保管理、开放式的安保议程、差异化的安保过程、多元化的安保主体等五大模块组成。其实际应用必须结合风险自身的发展规律,通过监测预警、预防控制、应急处理、评估恢复等具体应对。

The success of large-scale international sporting events must have reliable security. Event risks can be divided into two types： external and internal. External risks include terrorism, mass incidents, extreme personal events, etc. The internal risks include the subjective risk of the participating athletes, the coordination risk among the security departments, the coordination risk within the security command system and so on. The security rationality is to control the risk in the premise of encouraging participation, which needs to reconstruct the security mode. New security management mode is consist of five modules, which are equal security structure, standardized security management, open security agenda, differentiated security process, diversified subjects of security. Its actual application must be combined with the development law of risk itself and specific measures should be taken through monitoring and warning, prevention and control, emergency treatment, evaluation and recovery, etc..