磁通门磁强计在深空探测中的应用

Application of Fluxgate Magnetometer in Deep Space Exploration

磁场测量是深空探测的重要任务之一,通过磁场可以遥感行星内部、研究行星演化历史、认知太阳系天体空间环境。基于法拉第电磁感应原理的磁通门磁强计,因空间适应性强、技术成熟度高、可靠性高等特点,是深空磁场测量最为常用的载荷。简要描述了磁通门磁强计的基本测量原理,探讨了地面和在轨标定的原理和实施方法,并介绍了磁强计在空间任务中的应用方式。目前,我国已经具备了星载高精度磁通门磁强计的研制能力。在不久的将来,磁通门磁强计有望在深空探测任务中发挥重要作用。

Measurement of magnet ic f ields is one of the important tasks in deep space explorat ion missions. From magnet ic fields, it is possible to explore the planetary interiors, to study the evolution of the planets, and to understand space environment of the Solar system. The fluxgate magnetometer based on the Faraday＇ s law is used to measure the magnetic field. Due to its high adaptability, maturity and low cost, it is the most widely used magnetometry instrument in the deep space missions. The principles of the measurement, and the methods of the ground and in-orbit calibrations of the instrument are briefly reviewed. The applications of the instrument in deep space exploration missions are also introduced. At present, China has already been able to develop high precision fluxgate magnetometer for space applications. It is expected that the fluxgate magnetometer will play important roles in future deep space exploration missions.