月面探测器燃料电池应用的初步研究

Preliminary Research on the Application of Fuel Cells on Lunar Probe

燃料电池是一种高效的清洁能源,早在20世纪60年代就成功应用于美国载人登月工程中。我国对燃料电池的研究工作开展较早,当前已初步具备了研发航天器燃料电池的技术能力,但由于燃料电池属于一次性能源,使其应用一直受限于航天领域,近年来我国新型航天器的研发为燃料电池提供了新的应用背景。在调研分析的基础上,提出了一种使用氢氧燃料电池作为月面探测器主电源的配置方案,通过与传统供电方案的综合比较总结了燃料电池的优点,并归纳了后续应用的关键技术和解决途径,为燃料电池在我国航天领域的应用提供了一种新思路。

The fuel cell is a clean energy device with high efficiency and high output power, and has been successfully applied in Apollo program. The research on fuel cell in China started quite early. At present, the technical capability of developing fuel cells for spacecraft is preliminarily established. However, as the fuel cell is one of the disposable energy resource？ its application has been limited to the aerospace field. Recently, the development of new spacecraft in China provides a new application opportunity for fuel cells. Based on investigation and analysis, a hydrogen-oxygen fiiel cell concq）t is proposed, as the main power source for a lunar probe. The advantages of the fuel cell are summarized by comparing with the traditional power concept. And its characteristics and key technologies for application are comprehensively analyzed. The scheme provides a new idea for the application of fuel cells in domestic aerospace field.