Ⅲ级产前超声检查减少胎儿出生缺陷的应用价值

The application value of stage Ⅲ prenatal ultrasound examination in reducing fetal birth defects

目的探讨Ⅲ级产前超声检查对于减少胎儿出生缺陷的应用价值。方法选取2014年1月至2016年12月于本院建卡孕检、接受产前超声检查的产妇为研究对象,将接受Ⅲ级产前超声检查的2759例产妇纳入研究组,将接受Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级产前超声检查的2216例产妇纳入对照组,比较两组胎儿出生缺陷情况。结果Ⅲ级产前超声检查对出生缺陷的检出率显著高于Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级产前超声检查(P<0.05),且漏诊率显著低于Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级产前超声检查(P<0.05);出生缺陷排前8位的病种分别为:神经管缺陷、唇腭裂、脑积水、骨骼畸形、多指(趾)、先天性心脏病、消化道梗阻、腹裂。Ⅲ级产前超声检查对神经管缺陷和先天性心脏病的检出率均明显高于Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级产前超声检查(P<0.05)。结论Ⅲ级产前超声检查可以有效检出出生缺陷,对优生优育、提高出生人口素质具有重要作用。

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of stageⅢprenatal ultrasound examination for the reduction of fetal birth defects. MethodThe subjects were parturients who received pregnancy test and prenatal ultrasound examination in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2016, 2759 cases of parturients undergoing stage Ⅲ prenatal ultrasound examination were included in study group, 2216 cases of parturients undergoing stage Ⅰ , Ⅱ prenatal ultrasound examination were included in control group, fetal birth defects were compared between the two groups. ResultThe detection rate of birth defects by stageⅢprenatal ultrasound examination was significantly higher than that of stage Ⅰ , Ⅱ prenatal ultrasound examination （P 〈 0.05）, and the missed diagnosis rate was significantly lower than that of stageⅠ,Ⅱprenatal ultrasound examination （P〈0.05）. Birth defects in the top 8 diseases were neural tube defects, cleft palate, hydrocephalus, skeletal deformity, multi finger （toe）, congenital heart disease, digestive tract obstruction, gastroschisis. The detection rate of neural tube defects and congenital heart disease by stage Ⅲ prenatal ultrasound examination were significantly higher than that of stageⅠ,Ⅱprenatal ultrasound examination （P〈0.05）. ConclusionStageⅢprenatal ultrasound examination can effectively detect birth defects, it plays an important role in the quality of the population born and eugenics.