黄道周对儒家“君子儒”人格的建构

On Huang Daozhou's Construction of Confucian Gentleman's Personality

明代后期,由于受到社会颓靡风气的影响与王学末流的冲击,儒家"君子儒"的人格范型呈坍塌之势。为挽救士风,重振儒学,黄道周作《儒行集传》,诠释和弘扬《礼记·儒行》篇中蕴含的力行以求仁的儒学真精神。从以仁为实、重道绌势、修身立道三个方面,黄道周系统阐述了儒者德行的思想内涵与实践标准,重新确立了"君子儒"的人格范型与现实路径。与此同时,黄道周无论居家讲学还是出仕为官,处处皆以"君子儒"人格范型自律,身体力行,躬亲践履,推动了晚明"君子儒"人格范型的重建。

In the late Ming Dynasty,personality of Confucian gentleman was collapsed under the influence of social atmosphere and the impact of Yangming School.In order to revive the Confucianism,Huang Daozhou wrote Ruxingjizhuan tointerpret and promote benevolence of the true spirit of confucianism in the book of Rites-Confucianism.From the benevolence,heavy tight potential,and self-cultivation,Huang Daozhou expounded Confucian moral thoughts and practice standards,and reestablished personality paradigm and realistic path of＂Confucian gentleman＂.At the same time,whether at home or as an official,Huang Daozhou,obeying Confucian＂personality self-discipline and practicing by himself,promoted the reconstruction of the late Ming Dynasty Confucian personality paradigm.