宁夏酿酒葡萄晚霜冻气候风险研究

Study on Climate Risk of Wine-grape Late Frost in Ningxia

收集整理了宁夏16个气象站1961—2015年的逐日最低气温资料,根据酿酒葡萄晚霜冻气候指标,采用所建立的晚霜冻气候风险评价指标因子和综合评价模型,对宁夏酿酒葡萄种植区的晚霜冻气候风险影响因子进行了分析,综合评价了各地的晚霜冻气候风险,并制作了区划图。结果表明,宁夏可分为高风险区、次高风险区、中等风险区、次低风险区和低风险区5个酿酒葡萄晚霜冻气候风险区域。晚霜冻综合气候风险较高(高风险和次高风险)的区域主要分布在沙坡头西南、海原南部、同心南部、盐池东部和陶乐等地,这一地区霜冻发生频率高,年均霜冻日数多,种植酿酒葡萄经常会遭遇严重的霜冻灾害;低风险区主要分布在引黄灌区中南部大部地区及中部干旱带的同心北部地区。

The paper collected 16 meteorological stations daily minimum temperature data from 1961 to 2015. According to the frost climate index of wine grape, using the established late frost climate risk evaluation index and comprehensive evaluation model, late frost comprehensive climate risk for wine grape was evaluated. The results showed that the Ningxia could be divided for high risk areas,sub high risk areas, medium risk areas, the second low risk area and low risk area five wine grape frost climate risk areas. The higher comprehensive climate risk areas（high risk and sub high risk areas） mainly distributed in southwest Shapotou, southern Haiyuan,southern Tongxin, eastern Yanchi and Taole. This area had a high frequency of frost, and wine grapes often suffers from severe frost disasters. The low risk areas mainly distributed in south-central Yellow river irrigation area and northern Tongxin.