压力容器球冠形中间封头的应力分析与设计方法

A Design Method Based on Analysis of Cylindrical Pressure Vessels with Intermediate Spherically Dished Head

在我国压力容器标准GB 150.3—2011和JB 4732—1995中,圆柱形压力容器球冠形中间封头的设计方法给出了适用范围为压力p和材料许用应力S_m的比值p/S_m≥0.002的设计系数Q曲线。目前,该方法的适用范围已经不能满足设计的要求,工业界希望得到适用范围更广的设计方法。本文基于弹性薄壳理论,给出了圆柱壳连接球冠形中间封头的应力分析方法。考虑封头凹面受压p_1≠0或凸面受压p_2≠0两种极端情况,对其作应力分析,将设计曲线中p_i/S_m(i=1,2)的范围由≥0.002拓展至≥0.001,并通过有限元解验证了该设计方法的可靠性。

The intermediate spherically dished head design method,provided by standards GB 150. 3—2011 and JB 4732—1995,is available when the ratio of pressure p to the allowable stress Sm,p/Sm,is greater than or equal to 0. 002. The suitable range of this design method cannot meet the design requirements of industry nowadays,so engineers desire for a design method of wider application. Based on elastic thin shell theory,this paper presented the stress analysis method for intermediate spherically dished head.The range of p_i/S_m( i = 1,2) in the design curves was extended from ≥0. 002 to ≥0. 001 through studying the stress distribution under two extreme conditions: the pressure only applied on the concave side or on the convex side of the head. The finite element method was used to verify the results.