针对性健康教育在择期剖宫产产妇中的应用及对其围产期康复效果的影响分析

The application of targeted health education in puerperae undergoing elective cesarean section and its effect on perinatal rehabilitation

目的观察针对性健康教育对择期剖宫产产妇围产期康复效果的影响。方法将180例剖宫产产妇按入院顺序分为对照组和观察组,每组90例;对照组组给予常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予针对性健康教育,比较两组干预效果。结果干预后,观察组较对照组剖宫产、卫生保健、母乳喂养、新生儿照料、产后自我康复等健康知识掌握程度评分均明显升高(P<0.05),焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均明显降低(P<0.05);观察组较对照组肛门排气时间、术后进食时间、初乳分泌时间、术后下床活动时间、产后72h子宫复旧情况、住院时间等术后恢复指标均明显改善(P<0.05);观察组围产期并发症发生率为15.56%,明显低于对照组的40.00%(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度为95.56%,明显高于对照组的84.44%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对性健康教育可提高剖宫产产妇健康知识掌握程度,缓解产妇不良情绪,提高围产期康复效果及护理满意度。

Objective To observe the effect of targeted health education on the perinatal rehabilitation of puerperae undergoing elective cesarean section. Methods A total of 180 puerperae undergoing cesarean section were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the order of admission,90 puerperae in each group.The control group was given routine nursing intervention while the observation group was given targeted health education on the basis of routine nursing intervention,and the intervention effects were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention,scores of mastery degrees of health knowledge about cesarean section,health care,breastfeeding,neonatal care and postpartum self rehabilitation in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P 〈0.05）,while scores of the Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and the Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） were significantly lower than those in the control group （P 〈0.05）.The postoperative recovery indexes such as anal exhaust time,postoperative time to eat,time for colostrum secretion,postoperative ambulation time,postpartum 72h uterine involution and length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group （P 〈0.05）.The incidence of perinatal complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （15.56% vs 40.00%） （P 〈0.05）.The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group （95.56% vs 84.44%） （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Targeted health education can improve the mastery degree of health knowledge of puerperae undergoing elective cesarean section,relieve their unhealthy emotions,and improve the perinatal rehabilitation effect and nursing satisfaction.