不平衡畸变负荷无功功率理论分析与应用

Analysis and application of unbalanced distortion load reactive power theory

为了给电气化铁路等典型三相不平衡、畸变负荷的电能量计量提供物理概念更为清晰、明确的无功功率定义,文中较全面地梳理了具有代表性和较广泛认可度的几种功率理论,从原理上比较了它们在无功功率定义上的不同,之后,使用电气化铁路实测信号进行了仿真计算,从应该对无功进行补偿、监测、管理和收费等应具有指导意义考虑,选择并确定以IEEE 1459标准阐述的功率理论作为非正弦、不平衡电路或系统的无功功率定义。依据该理论,通过测量基波正序无功功率、非基波等效视在功率、不平衡视在功率等,来评价电能的利用效率,从而可帮助电力公司及用电企业更科学、合理地实施供用电管理。

In order to provide electrified railway and other typical three-phase unbalanced distortion loads a more clear reactive power definition in physical concepts,this paper describes the representative and widely recognized power theory,and compares their differences on the definition of reactive power in principle. Then,the simulated calculation is conducted by using the measured signal of electrified railway. Based on considering reactive power compensation,monitoring,management and billing,this paper finally selects the power theory that IEEE 1459 standard states as the reactive power definition in non-sinusoidal unbalanced system. This theory suggests that the usage efficiency of energy can be evaluated by measuring parameters such as fundamental positive sequence reactive power,non-fundamental equivalent apparent power and unbalanced apparent power,so as to help the power companies and enterprises to implement electricity management more scientifically and reasonably.