阿尔茨海默病基因工程模型鼠的研究现状

Current Status of Genetic Engineering Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种与年龄相关的严重致死性神经退行性疾病,临床上以进行性的学习、记忆、认知功能障碍为主要特征,其病因不明且发病机制复杂。AD给整个社会带来巨大的负担,但目前尚缺乏有效的治疗措施,动物模型的滞后限制了其治疗药物的筛选。近年来,随着转基因动物技术日趋成熟,多种AD动物模型陆续出现。目前,AD基因工程模型鼠有单转基因模型、双转基因模型以及多重转基因模型。这些模型各有优缺点,未来需要建立更为完善的AD转基因动物模型,以更加完整地表现AD的病理特征。

Alzheimer's disease( AD) is an age-related and very fatal neurodegenerative disease,with learning,memory and cognition dysfunction as prominent features,and its etiology is not clear and the pathogenesis is complex. AD brings huge burden to the society,but it is still lack of effective treatment measures. The lag of animal models restricts the screening of therapeutic drugs. In recent years,with the growing maturity of transgenic animal technology,a variety of AD animal models have emerged in succession. At present,the AD gene engineering mouse models include single genetically modified models,double genetically modified models and multiple transgenic models. These models each have their own advantages and shortcomings. In the future,a more perfect AD transgenic animal model should be established in order to present the pathological features of AD more completely.