卒中相关性肺炎诊疗进展

Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia

脑卒中是我国第1位的死亡原因,发病率呈逐年上升的趋势,给国家和个人造成了沉重的经济负担。卒中相关性肺炎(SAP)是卒中的常见并发症,是患者死亡以及不良预后的独立危险因素,是住院时间延长、医疗费用增加的重要原因。SAP目前有明确的定义和诊断标准,其病理生理机制复杂,危险因素众多,结合多种危险因素制作SAP风险预测模型可用于预测SAP风险。SAP有其自身的病原学特点,在治疗上应根据病原学合理选择抗生素、给药途径和疗程。

Stroke is the first cause of death in China. The incidence is increasing progressively. It is now a serious economic burden on countries and individuals. Stroke-associated pneumonia（ SAP） is one of the most common complications after stroke. It is an independent risk factor of death and poor outcome,which is also one of the important reasons for prolonged hospitalization and increased medical costs. SAP now has a specific definition and diagnosis criteria,but the pathophysiological mechanism is still complex. There are many risk factors which could be used to establish risk prediction models. SAP has its own etiological features,therefore in the treatment,the antibiotics,route and course of administration should be appropriately selected according to the etiology.