胸外科术后镇痛研究进展

Research Progress of Postoperative Analgesia in Thoracic Surgery

开胸术后的剧烈的疼痛可诱发低氧血症、高碳酸血症、肺炎、肺不张等多种并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量,所以术后镇痛一直是胸外科关注的重点。有效的镇痛可缓解患者的疼痛,缩短患者的住院时间、降低住院费用,提高患者满意度。目前开胸术后常用的镇痛模式有患者自控静脉镇痛、胸段硬膜外阻滞、胸椎旁神经阻滞、肋间神经阻滞以及切口局部麻醉药浸润等,多模式镇痛是发展趋势。

Acute pain after thoracotomy can lead to hypoxemia,hypercapnia,pneumonia,atelectasis and other complications and seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Therefore,postoperative analgesia has always been the focus of thoracic surgery. Effective analgesia can relieve the pain,shorten the hospital stay,reduce hospitalization expenses,and improve the satisfaction degree of the patients. There are many acceptable techniques for postoperative pain management,such as patient-controlled intravenous analgesia,thoracic epidural analgesia,thoracic paravertebral blockade,intercostal nerve block,wound infiltration with local anesthetics and so on. Multimodal analgesia is the current tendency.