白背毛木耳新菌株‘杂10’的选育

Breeding A New Variety of Auricularia polytricha

以福建白背毛木耳栽培种和四川毛木耳白色突变种为亲本,单孢杂交,选育出高产优质抗性强的新菌株杂10。杂10菌丝致密,洁白,长势好,抗性强,出耳整齐度好;耳片表现菊花状,腹面皱褶较明显,胶质多、背面绒毛密集,晒干后,黑白分明等特点;区试结果显示杂10两潮干耳产量为66.22g·袋-1,较对照漳耳43-28增产7.86%;其子实体主要营养指标优于对照,如蛋白质、多糖、氨基酸含量分别较对照提高23.7%、27.36%、15.55%。营养不亲和性试验和RAPD标记试验表明,杂10菌株与亲本具有遗传差异,即为不同于亲本的新菌株。研究认为,杂10产量较高、品质好,抗性强,可以进一步开展示范栽培。

Using Fujian germplasm and Sichuan mutant of Auricularia polytricha as parents in a monospore cross breeding,the new strain named Za 10 with high yield,good quality and strong resistance was generated.The mycelia of Za10 were dense,white in color,vigorous in growth,strong on resistance,and uniform in fruiting.The chrysanthemum-like fruiting body had apparent gill folds on bottom of pileus and fine fluff on cap.It was rich in pectin,and showed clearly separated black and white zones on dried product.In the regional trial,the dried mushroom yield was 66.22g·bag-1,that was 7.86% more than control.The protein,polysaccharide and amino acid contents in the fruiting body were 23.7%,27.36%,and 15.55%,respectively,which were higher than those in control.The nutritional incompatibility and RAPD labeling tests showed distinct genetic differences between Za 10 and its parents.With the demonstrated advantages,Za 10 was recommended to be further tested for demonstration and promotion.