基于FPGA的风电机组振动监测系统设计

Design of the Vibration Monitoring System Based on FPGA for Wind Turbine

通过监测传动系统的振动状态,能够有效诊断机组的运行故障。设计了一种以ARM为主控制器、FPGA为从控制器的风电机组振动监测系统。提出了系统的总体设计方案,介绍了振动信号预处理流程,重点阐述了FPGA模块的设计方法,详细介绍了数字倍频器的设计流程。该系统可接入不同类型传感器,根据传感器类型自动选择预处理电路,实现了8通道信号同步采样。FPGA主要用于实现振动信号滤波、A/D转换、数据存取、片选及逻辑控制等功能。利用FPGA的高速数据处理能力,实现了振动信号的全自动采集;通过转速的变化,实现了滤波中心频率与A/D转换速率的自适应。FPGA与ARM之间采用增强型直接内存存取(EDMA)方式进行数据传输,底层软件设计平台采用Linux操作系统,主要完成数据采集、与上位机通信等功能。该监控系统信号处理能力强、数据传输速度快,实现了风电机组振动状态的实时监测。

Through monitoring the vibration state of the transmission system,the operation fault of the unit can be diagnosed effectively.The wind turbine vibration monitoring system is designed based on ARM as the host controller and FPGA as the subordinate controller.The overall design of the system is proposed,the pretreatment process of vibration signal is introduced,the FPGA module design method is focused on describing,and the design process of digital frequency multiplier is introduced in detail.The system can be connected to different types of sensors,different preprocessing circuits can be selected automatically according to the sensor type,and the synchronous sampling of the 8channel signals can be realized.FPGA is mainly used for vibration signal filtering,A/D conversion,data access,chip selection and logic control functions.Automatic acquisition of vibration signals is achieved based on the highspeed data processing capabilities of FPGA,and the adaption of the filter center frequency and A/D conversion rate is realized by changing the rotating speed.Enhanced direct menory access（EDMA） is used for transmitting data between FPGA and ARM,and Linux operating system is adopted for the bottom layer software design platform,and it mainly accomplishes data acquisition and communication with host computer.The monitoring system features strong signal processing ability,fast data transmission speed,and it can implement realtime vibration state monitoring for wind turbines.