汉语押韵衔接的形式描写、功能验证以及理据探讨

Formal Description,Functional Verification and Theoretical Discussion of Rhyming Cohesion in Chinese

押韵与押声、押音节以及押调构成基础不同语用功能有别,研究押韵时需划清界线。将考察范围延及民间韵语,会发现汉语除了广泛使用脚韵,还不时使用头韵、腰韵等等。实证检验表明,押韵具有衔接功能的说法完全有资格作为学术命题看待。押韵之所以具有前述功能全因为衔接依托于前言后语信息照应,而押韵从语音层面为此创设了机会。汉人在多种押音类型中尤重押韵,这是诸多因素共同作用的结果。各种韵式在粘合力连续统上各有各的位置。总体看粘合力排序与使用率排序之间存在正比关系,但也有例外。是否可以模式化以及是否具有独特效用,是发掘和认定汉语韵式主要根据,至于其形成是源于自觉还是非自觉,根据科学研究惯例不必较真。

It is necessary to distinguish rhyming, sounding, syllable patterning and tone rhyming due to their different components and pragmatic functions. If the scope of research is extended to folk rhythmical language,rhyme as well as alliteration and assonance can be found in Chinese. Empirical practice shows that rhyming has cohesive function is academically possible. The reason for this statement is based on the existing information anaphora between the previous and following sentences. Rhyming makes cohesion at phonetic level possible.Among different forms, rhyming is emphasized in Chinese due to different reasons. Each form has its own position in the continuum of cohesion because of its different frequency in usage but still with an exception. Whether it can be patterned or has unique function will be the main evidence in finding and recognizing rhyming forms in Chinese. It is not very important to make sure about forms origin which is done consciously or unconsciously.