北朝熊安生的礼记学及其经学史意义(上)

Xiong An-shang from the Northern Dynasty and His Study of the Book of Rites in the History of Chinese Classical Studies (Ⅰ)

熊安生是继王肃之后,在南北朝时期的礼学传承和《礼记》疏解方面产生重要影响的经学家,身居北朝,与南朝的皇侃以"三礼学"并鸣。唐孔颖达的《礼记正义》对熊安生《礼记义疏》的文句有相当程度的选取和保留,并有所评判。熊安生对《礼记》的解说和诠释,既显现出对郑玄学说的继承与发展,又呈现出相应的时代特色,而且很多内容成为孔颖达《礼记正义》不能不加的引述和必要的参考依据。那么,诸如沿袭郑注而有所引申、提出不同于郑义的解说、称引纬书及其郑玄注以为己说、称引其他经书与典籍以解义等方面,就成为熊安生礼记学的突出特点。另外从孔颖达《礼记正义》当中大量的评议以及后世学者的关注和评价,也可以看到熊安生礼记学的经学史价值所在。

Xiong Ansheng was an important classics textualist and interpretator of the Book of Rites after Wang Su in the Northern Dynasty,ranking similarly to the three Rituals study authority of the Southern Dynasty,Huang Kan.Liji zhengyi by Kong Yingda in Tang Dynasty was derived fromLiji yishu by Xiong Ansheng,with reservations,reviews and commentaries.Xiong's exegesis,annotations and hermeneutics on the Book of Rites reflected the inheritance from Zheng Xuan's scholarship,as well as innovations with era features,and some of the content became the quotations and references for Kong Yingda.There are couple of features that could be concluded from Xiong's studies,such as his innovations from Zheng Xuan's ideas,different interpretations from Liji zhengyi,developing his own ideas based on Zheng Xuan's studies,and interpreting the Book of Rites by referring to other scholars' classics.Based on the historical records and comments by Kong Yingda in his Liji zhengyi,and attentions and remarks made by inheriting scholars,we can see the values and implications of Xiong's study of the Book of Rites in the history of Chinese classical studies.