安徽省鲜食玉米生育期研究

Study on the Growth Period of Fresh Corn in Anhui

[目的]探明安徽省鲜食玉米大田生育期,精准调控采收上市时间。[方法]在安徽省不同生态区的3个点开展各播期及不同品种试验。[结果]鲜食玉米春播的生育期比夏播长5~9 d;春播时,凤阳点(沿淮淮北生态区)的大田生育期比长丰点(江淮丘陵生态区)和石台点(沿江江南生态区)分别延长2、8 d;夏播时,凤阳点的大田生育期比长丰点和石台点分别延长5、12 d。不同播期试验表明,春播阶段,随播种时间推迟生育期缩短,5月1日播种的处理比4月1日的处理生育期缩短3 d;夏播阶段,随播种时间推迟生育期延长,8月1日播种的处理比7月1日的处理生育期延长14 d。安徽省引进的北方品种较南方品种表现为早熟,在夏播时,美玉9号比垦粘1号生育期延长19 d。[结论]随着生态区的北移,安徽省鲜食玉米生育期延长;春播阶段随着播期的推迟,生育期缩短;夏播阶段,随着播期的推迟,生育期延长;种质资源不同,其生育期不一样。

[Objective]To explore the growth period of fresh corn in field in Anhui Province,and regulate the time of collecting and listing accurately. [Method] Different seeding time and variety test were carried out at three points in different ecological areas of Anhui Province. [Result]The growth period of fresh corn sowing in spring was 5-9 days longer than in summer. In spring sowing,the growth period in Fengyang(Huaibei ecological zone),was 2 days and 8 days longer than in Changfeng(Jianghuai Hilly ecological zone) and Shitai(Jiangnan ecological zone),respectively. In summer sowing stage,the growth period in Fengyang was 5 days and 12 days longer than in Changfeng and Shitai,respectively. The results of different sowing date in spring showed that the growth period shortened with the delayed sowing time. The growth period of sowing in May 1 st shortened 3 days compared with sowing in April 1 st. In the summer sowing stage,the growth period prolonged with the time of sowing,the growth period of sowing in August 1 st increased 14 days than sowing in July 1 st. The northern varieties introduced in Anhui Province were more precocious than other in the south. The growth period of Meiyu 9 increased 19 days than Kennian1.[Conclusion]The growth period of fresh corn in Anhui Province prolonged with the ecological area moves northward. In the spring sowing stage,the growth period shortened with the delay of sowing date. In summer sowing stage,the growth period prolonged with the delay of sowing date. Different types of germplasm resources are different in growth period.