覆土对双孢菇生长发育的影响

Effect of Covering Soil on Growth and Development of Agaricus bisporus

[目的]确定寒地适用的覆土材料配方,增加双孢菇的产量。[方法]采用随机区组法,应用泥炭土与田土的不同配比,进行双孢菇栽培试验。[结果]随着泥炭土比例的增加,持水率和孔隙度增大,70%泥炭土处理的持水率、孔隙度、电导率值最大,分别为59.47%、81.95%和0.456 m S/cm。泥炭土加入对双孢菇产量的影响差异较大,70%泥炭土和30%田土混合产量最高,覆土30 d后产量达4.56 kg/m^2,较CK增产18.75%。该处理双孢菇品质最好,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量分别为41.49%、4.11%和10.76%;70%泥炭土双孢菇增产最多,增产0.72 kg/m^2,可增收7.2元/m^2。[结论]综合考虑建议泥炭土的添加量为50%~70%。

[Objective]To determine the formulation of soil-covering material for increasing the yield of Agaricus bisporus in cold region.[Method]We cultivated A. bisporus by mixing farmland soil and peat soil with different ratios by using randomized blocks method.[Result]Water holding ratio and porosity increased as the increase of peat proportion. The maximum value of water holding ratio,porosity and conductivity were 59. 47%,81. 95% and 0. 456 m S/cm in the treatment of 70% peat soil. Furthermore,peat soil had significant influence on A. bisporus yield,the mixture of 70% peat soil and 30% field soil produced the highest yield,the yield after covering soil reached 4. 56 kg/m2,increasing 18. 75% compared to CK. In this treatment,A. bisporus had the best quality,the content of crude protein,crude fat and crude ash reached 41. 49%,4. 11% and 10. 76%. The yield of A. bisporus increased most by 0. 72 kg/m2,and its income increased by 7. 2 yuan/m2.[Conclusion]We recommend the peat proportion is 50%-70%.