2015年中国经济-生态生产总值核算研究

Study on China's Gross Economic-ecological Product Accounting in 2015

为把资源消耗、环境损害、生态效益纳入社会经济发展评价体系,践行"绿水青山"就是"金山银山"的理念,本文在绿色GDP和生态系统生产总值核算的基础上,构建经济-生态生产总值(GEEP)综合核算指标。利用构建的GEEP指标,对我国31个省市自治区2015年的GEEP进行核算。结果显示:(1)GEEP是基于弱可持续发展理论和福利经济学的综合生态环境核算体系,GEEP基本遵循GDP的核算原则,对生态和经济系统的最终产品进行价值量核算,是一个流量的概念。GEEP是在经济系统生产总值的基础上,考虑人类在经济生产活动中对生态环境的损害和生态系统对经济系统的福祉,把"绿水青山"和"金山银山"统一到一个框架体系下,是一个有增有减,有经济有生态的综合指标。(2)2015年,我国GEEP为122.78×10^(12)元,是2015年GDP的1.7倍。其中,污染损失成本为2×10^(12)元,生态破坏成本为0.63×10^(12)元,生态系统生态调节服务为53.1×10^(12)元,生态系统生态调节服务占GEEP的43.3%。(3)基于GEEP计算的区域基尼系数为0.43,比基于GDP计算的区域基尼系数小0.12,GEEP指标有利于缩小区域差距。(4)我国31个省市自治区GEEP排名和GDP排名相比,内蒙古、黑龙江、云南、青海、西藏等省份GEEP排名比GDP排名上升10位以上,北京、上海、天津、河北、河南等省市GEEP排名比GDP排名降序10位以上。

social and economic development, in practicing of ‘ Green Water and Mountain’ is equivalent to ‘ Golden Mhas based on the Green GDP and GEP accounting, to develop comprehensive accounting indicators for Gross Economic -ecological Product （ GEEP） , and adopted the GEEP indicators to calculate the 2015 GEEP of 31 provinces in China. The results show that① GEEP is a comprehensive ecological accounting system based on weak sustainable development tlieory and welfare economics. GEEPbasically follows the principle of GDPaccounting and carries out value accounting of the fsystems. It is a concept of flow accounting. Based on the gross economic GDP, GEEP considers the ehuman beings in economic product activities, and the well-being of the ecological systemto the economic system. ② In 2015, China ’ s GEEP was 122.78 trillion yuan, 1.7 times of the 2015 GDP, among them, the cost of pollution loss is 2 trillion yuan, the ecological damage cost is 0. 63 trillion yuan, and the ecosystem ecological regulation service is 53. 1 trillion yuan.③ The regional Gini Coefficient based on GEEP is 0. 43, which is 0. 12 smaller than the regional Gini Coefficient calculated based on GDP. Thus GEEP accounting will benefit regional disparity. $ Compare GEEP ranking witli GDP ranking among all provinces, the GEEP rankings ofprovinces such as Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Yunnan, Qinghai and Tibet have risen b〉 more than 10 pranking, with Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hebei and Henan provinces their GEEP ranking compared withi the GDP ranking hasdescending more than 10 places.