农村合作基金会兴亡的再探讨

Review on the Rise and Fall of Rural Cooperative Fund Associates

从诞生之日起,农村合作基金会的性质就存在争议,在其被政府关闭时,也无一致的看法。本文认为,农村合作基金会是一个由地方政府控制的、带有合作制成份的、非银行农村金融机构。农村合作基金会的创立,是中国农村金融发展中的一个创新。农村合作基金会内在的混乱的组织制度、外在的制度环境以及亚洲金融危机爆发的"导火索"作用,促使政府最终将其关闭。农村合作基金会虽然是不成功的探索实践,但在农村金融体系发展史上曾起到某些积极作用。政府部门在农村合作基金会管理方面存在诸多缺陷,其教训值得深思与重视。

From the beginning of its foundation there were constant debates on the nature of the Rural Cooperative Fund Associations. No consensus was reached even when it was closed by government. This article contents that Rural Cooperative Fund Associations was a non-bank financial institute with some cooperative ingredients that was controlled by local governments. Foundation of the Rural Cooperative Fund Associates was an innovation of China's rural financial development. The intrinsic disorder of the organizational system,the external institutional environments and the outbreak of the Asian Financial Crises impelled government eventually closed it. Notwithstanding an unsuccessful exploratory practice Rural Cooperative Fund Associations do made some positive contributions in the history of rural financial system development. Lessons need to be learned from the faultiness in the government administration on Rural Cooperative Fund Associates.