肝衰竭病人疾病营养知识、饮食态度及行为调查分析

Investigation and evaluation of disease associated nutrition knowledge, diet attitude and practice in patients with liver failure

目的:调查肝衰竭病人疾病相关营养知识、饮食态度、饮食行为(KAP),在了解其疾病营养KAP水平的基础上,对其影响因素进行探讨,为进一步制定针对性的营养教育方案提供科学依据。方法:采用便利抽样法,对2015年10月至2017年2月于郑州市某三级甲等医院就诊的178例肝衰竭病人进行疾病营养知识、态度及饮食行为问卷的现场调查。结果:肝衰竭病人疾病营养KAP的条目均分为(1.56±0.44)分。各维度条目均分中,饮食态度最高为(1.80±0.50)分,营养知识最低为(1.39±0.60)分。KAP各维度得分与病人PG-SGA分级呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。文化程度、家庭人均月收入、疾病诊断为肝衰竭病人疾病营养KAP的影响因素。结论:肝衰竭病人疾病营养知识普遍不足,饮食态度较为积极,但饮食行为表现中等。肝衰竭病人疾病营养知识、饮食态度及行为水平的提高,对于病人营养状况改善具有重要意义。应加强对文化程度低、家庭人均月收入低及病程较短病人的关注,促进病人营养知识向正确的饮食行为的转变,从而达成提高病人营养支持效果和生活质量的目的。

Objective： Based on the evaluation of the disease associated nutrition knowledge, diet attitude and practice （KAP） in patients with liver failure this study aimed to identify factors that correlated with KAP level, and to provide evidence for the disease specific nutritional education programs. Methods： In this study, 178 patients with liver failure were randomized selected from a tertiary hospital between October 2015 and February 2017. Liver failure disease associated nutrition knowledge, diet attitude and practice were assessed through questionnaire. Results： The average score of disease nutrition KAP items in patients with liver failure wes （1.56 ± 0.44） points, with the highest average score of diet attitude was （1.80 ± 0.50） and the lowest average score of nutrition knowledge was （1.39±0.60） points. There was a significant negative correlation between the KAP scores and the PG-SGA classification （P 〈 0.01）. Education level, family income, disease status are risk factor of disease nutrition KAP in patients with liver failure. Conclusion： Patients with liver failure are characterized by limited nutritional knowledge, active diet attitude, and moderate diet behavior. The improvement of nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and behavior level in patients with liver failure is important. Those with lower level of education, lower income and shorter duration of disease should be given more attention.