东北跨省流出人口的家庭化迁移及其影响因素研究

A Study on Out-migration Family and Its Influencing Factors in Northeast China

随着城市化进程的加快,流动人口跨省迁移问题日益成为社会各界关注的焦点。东北地区从2000年开始流动人口逐渐由个人跨省流动转变为家庭化迁移,然而国内有关东北地区跨省家庭化迁移的人口学、社会学实证研究较少。本文利用2015年流动人口动态监测调查数据对家庭结构、定居意愿、家庭化迁居方式、迁居水平、影响因素对东北地区家庭化流动人口的发展趋势进行量化分析。研究表明跨省迁移家庭结构的稳定、流入地家庭收入的增长、定居意愿的加强等因素使家庭在跨省流动家庭化迁移进程与迁移方式呈现出不同的特点。在家庭化迁移过程中东北地区流出人口的年龄越大、在流入地时间越长、家庭成员收入水平越高,家庭化迁居水平就越高。面对东北流动人口家庭化趋势增强的情况,政府应顺应社会规律,强调责任主体意识,深化政策领域改革,建立为流动家庭服务的社会政策。

With the accelerating process of urbanization, inter-provincial migration has become the focus of our society. Since 2000, the form of migration has been transformed from individual migrant to family migra-tionin northeast China. There are few empirical studies on family migration of northeast China. Based on the floating population dynamic monitoring data in 2015, this paper makes a quantitative analysis to the devel- opment trend of family migration based on family structure, settlement intention, family migration mode, mi- gration level and influencing factors. The research shows that factors such as the stability of inter-provin- cial migration family structure, the growth of inflow family income and the strengthening of settlement will bring different characteristics on both family migration process and mode. In the process of family migra- tion, Heilongjiang has the largest proportion of inter-provincial migrant. The older the migrant in the three provinces, the longer the time of out-migrant and the higher the income level of family members, the higher the level of family migration. On the whole, the article is a policy orientation for the northeast provinces to migrate in a positive direction. The government should establish the social family service for the migrant, comply with the social law, emphasize the consciousness of the main responsibility, and deepen the poli-cyreform.