面动脉穿支螺旋桨皮瓣修复上唇皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后创面

Propeller facial artery perforator flap for repairing defect after resection of skin malignant tumor at upper lip

目的探讨面动脉穿支螺旋桨皮瓣修复上唇皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后创面的疗效。方法 2012年7月—2017年1月,收治上唇皮肤恶性肿瘤17例。男3例,女14例;年龄35~82岁,平均57岁。其中鳞状细胞癌5例,基底细胞癌12例。病程4个月~11年,平均20个月。肿瘤范围1.4 cm×0.3 cm^3.1 cm×1.4 cm。术中扩大切除肿瘤后,根据创面位置、大小、形状及超声多普勒探查血管情况设计面动脉穿支螺旋桨皮瓣,以穿支动脉所在位置为旋转点切取皮瓣修复创面及部分供区,皮瓣切取面积为5 cm×2 cm^7 cm×3 cm;穿支血管蒂长度为0.5~1.0 cm,平均0.8 cm。供区直接拉拢缝合。结果术后3例皮瓣远端出现青紫,经对症处理后愈合;其余皮瓣均顺利成活,创面Ⅰ期愈合。供区切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间6~36个月,平均18个月。患者上唇形态良好,供区无明显瘢痕,无口角畸形、嘴唇歪斜、鼻翼偏移,张、闭口口裂基本对称,面部无紧绷感,鼻腔通气无影响。随访期间肿瘤无复发。末次随访,患者自评满意度达非常满意13例、满意4例。结论面动脉穿支螺旋桨皮瓣具有血供好、旋转幅度大、色泽与受区相似、供区损伤小等优点,用于修复上唇皮肤恶性肿瘤切除后创面不仅能恢复良好功能,还能实现理想的美学修复。

Objective To explore the effectiveness of propeller facial artery perforator flap to repair the defect after resection of skin malignant tumor at upper lip. Methods Between July 2012 and January 2017, 17 cases with skin malignant tumor at upper lip underwent tumor resection and the remained defect was repaired with propeller facial artery perforator flap. Among the 17 patients, 3 were male and 14 were female, with an average age of 57 years （range, 35- 82 years）. There were 5 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 12 cases of basal cell carcinoma. The disease duration ranged from 4 months to 11 years with an average of 20 months. The tumor size ranged from 1.4 cm ×0.3 cm to 3.1 cm× 1.4 cm. The extended resection of the tumor tissue was performed according to the characters of tumor. According to the location, size, and shape of the defect and the position of facial artery perforator explored with Doppler ultrasonography, the propeller facial artery perforator flap was designed to repair the defect and partial donor site. The flap size ranged from 5 cm×2 cm to 7 cm×3 cm. The length of the perforator pedicle was 0.5-1.0 cm with an average of 0.8 cm. The defect at donor site was directly closed. Results Cyanosis occurred in 3 cases of the distal flap after operation, then healing after symptomatic treatment. The remaining flaps survived successfully and the wound healed by first intention. Primary healing was obtained in the donor site. All the patients were followed up 6-36 months with an average of 18 months. The shape of the patient＇s upper lip was good and the scar on the donor site was unconspicuous. There was no lip deformity, ala nasi deflection, facial tension, entflation dysfunction, or recurrence of tumor during follow-up. At last follow-up, the results of self-evaluation were very satisfactory in 13 cases and satisfactory in 4 cases. Conclusion Based on multiple advantages of good blood supply, large rotation range, aesthetic outcome, and slight injury of the donor site, propeller facial artery perforator flap is not only an optimal choice for repairing upper lip defect after resection of skin malignant tumors, but also can achieve good functional and cosmetic effectiveness.