保函欺诈例外:一例国际商事规则的中国式创新诠释

Fraud Exception in Chinese Law:An Example of Legal Interpretation——A Review of Fraud Exception in“Chinese Independent Guarantee Judicial Interpretation”

中国独立保函司法解释有关欺诈例外的规定细化了欺诈止付的证明标准,对保函欺诈例外规则进行了创造性诠释,吸收补充了英国的"受益人欺诈"理论,审视修正了美国的"实质性欺诈"理论,并创设了欺诈止付"双重证明标准",形成了中国式的"欺诈例外"理论,在一定程度上改变了中国商事规则过度受限于外国法律理论和法律思维束缚的历史性问题,为新形势下中国在国际商事规则制定中的话语权建立提供启迪。中国式的"欺诈例外"理论应以"一带一路"战略需求为导向,结合全球化背景下国际商事立法的趋同性走向,进一步细化解释,实现信用证与保函规定的系统化整合,真正实现与国际法律与实务的无缝对接。

The Judicial Interpretation of Independent Guarantee in China refined the injunction rules in fraud cases,and it creatively interpreted the Fraud Exception in Independent Guarantee.It developed the＂Intentional Fraud Theory＂of UK,amended the＂Material Fraud Theory＂of U.S,and created ＂the Two-Prong Test＂for granting injunctions in fraud cases.The Fraud Exception Theory in China is an enlightenment to the establishment of discourse power of China in international Trade System.The further development of Fraud Exception in China may be oriented by＂One Belt And One Road＂strategy,and also consider the convergent inclination in International Commercial Law.