从本体认知到战略行为偏向——制度逻辑理论评述与展望

From Ontological Perception to Strategic Behavioral Orientation:A Review and Prospects of Institutional Logics Perspective

制度逻辑理论回应了组织学者对传统新制度理论的批判,构建了宏观制度环境到微观个体具体实践间的桥梁,是当前组织分析新制度主义的最新发展方向。作为一个新兴且处于高速发展中的理论,国外学者围绕"制度逻辑"概念获得了众多有价值的学术成果,而与之相比,国内学界的此类研究仍较少。对制度逻辑理论的发展脉络和核心概念进行梳理,将有利于下一步理论研究的深入以及中国情境下实证应用的推广。基于此,本文首先在系统性文献检索分析的基础上,对制度逻辑理论的起源、兴起和概念进行辨析;其次,围绕着"主导制度逻辑-多元逻辑"的理论演变脉络,就多元逻辑性质进行讨论;最后,就制度复杂性和组织回应这一核心话题进行阐述,并指出未来研究主要可从逻辑多元性、动态性等多个方向进行探索。

Studies of the institutional logics perspective are the latest research trends of the new institutional theory in the field of organization and management. Since 1991 ,when Friedland and Alford pioneered the concept of ＂institutional logics＂ into the management and organizational theoretical analysis, institutional logics perspective was gradually established and became a hot topic in organizational research after more than two decades of exploration,with especially the institutionalists＇ seeking internal reform of institutional theory in the last ten years. Unlike the traditional new institutional theory which is devoted to explaining how the dominant logic shapes homogenization of organizations, the institutional logics perspective regards the society as an inter-institutional system, and emphasizes that these institutions are potentially contradictory and hence make heterogeneity of organizational behavior. Through exploiting these contradictions, individuals and organizations also transform the institutional relations of society. Institutional logics perspective responds to the critique of the organizational scholars on the traditional new institutional theory and builds a bridge between the macro-institutional environment and the practice of the micro-individuals, which has been the latest development direction of the current new institutionalism in organizational analysis. As a new and rapidly developing theory, foreign scholars have obtained many valuable academic achievements concerning the concept of ＂ institutional logics＂, but there are still few preeminent researches in this field among indigenous Chinese scholars. This study organized the core concepts and development skeleton of institutional perspective ,hoping to promote further theoretical research and empirical research in China. First of all, this study conducted a bibliometrie analysis of the English literature of institutional logics perspective. Taking 342 papers about the institutional logics perspective of business or management from WOS database from 2007 to 2016 as our data sources,we reviewed the origins of theory and its development skeleton, defined the connotation and core concepts of institutional logics perspective, and extracted the literature network and key documents. Secondly, we discussed in terms of the theoretical development of the ＂dominant institutional logic-multiple logics＂ process. Especially, the importance of the nature of muhiple logics and non-market logics were stressed,and the relationship between institutional logics perspective and new institutional theory was clarified. Finally, we elaborated on the core topics of interactive process of institutional complexity and organizational response ,focusing on how multiple institutional logics shapes individual / organizational cognition and behavior, and the interaction between the multiple institutional environment and individual / organization. Based on the literature search and analysis, this study provided a fundamental framework for later scholars to understand and apply the institutional logics perspective, and helped to promote further theoretical research and empirical research in China. We argued that future research may expand from aspects as follow： （ 1 ） Focus on the nature of institutional diversity and expand the existing discussions on binary logics, especially subjects like the coexistence of multiple logics,the relationship between non-dominant logics and dominant logic, and the relationship between non-market logics and market logics ; （2） Consider ＂organization＂ as the focus of research rather than ＂institution＂. Based on analysis of the interweaving of social, field, organization, and individual levels, scholars can rethink how to refocus their research on ＂organizational hehavior＂ through ＂ institutional lens＂, rather than over emphasize on understanding of ＂ institution＂, promoting our understanding of the phenomenon of organization ; （3）Make endeavors to develop appropriate deconstruction and description of the social institutional order and its core values based on eastern or Chinese cultures and situation; （4） Add the perspective of dynamic and time into analysis to improve and perfect the interpretation framework of the institutional logics perspective.