冠心病合并糖尿病患者应用护理干预对其冠状动脉介入治疗并发症发生的影响

Nursing in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes intervention on the complications of coronary artery interventional therapy

目的探讨护理干预对冠心病合并糖尿病患者行冠状动脉介入治疗后并发症发生的影响。方法选取海南省人民医院2014年1—10月进行冠心病伴有糖尿病介入治疗的患者114例作为观察对象,应用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组与对照组各57例,观察组应用护理干预,对照组采用常规护理;对患者跟踪随访1年,观察2组患者冠状动脉介入治疗后的并发症发生情况以及患者的临床指标(收缩压及空腹血糖),并对患者生活质量进行测评,应用t检验对结果进行统计学分析。结果经过观察统计,观察组并发症发生率为45.61%,明显低于对照组的94.74%(t=-2.409,P=0.008);进行护理干预的观察组患者收缩压明显降低,空腹血糖值明显接近正常值,观察组临床指标(收缩压及空腹血糖)比照对照组更具优势(P<0.05);采用糖尿病患者特异性生活质量量表进行评测,观察组经过测评总分及各个维度较对照组均明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过护理干预可以有效避免患者冠状动脉介入治疗后并发症的发生几率、维持患者收缩压和空腹血糖值趋于正常、降低收缩压和空腹血糖值、改善糖尿病患者的生活质量,有助于患者预后康复状态以及社会功能的恢复,且患者应用效果佳,临床医疗成本降低。

Objective To explore effect of the nursing intervention for patients with coronary heart disease, diabetes mel- litus coronary artery interventional treatment on complications. Methods From January, 2014 to October, 2014, 114 cases of hospitalized patients with interventional therapy of coronary artery disease patients with diabetes ,as the main object of observation were randomly divided into observation group and the control group, with 57 cases in each group. Apply nursing intervention to observation group, and control group using conventional care. After 1 year of follow-up, we compared the incidence of complications and clinical indicators （ systolic blood pressure and fasting blood sugar） between the two groups of patients after coronary artery intervention treatment. And quality of life of patients is evaluated; the re- suits were statistically analyzed via t-test. Results We observed a complication rate of 45.61% in observation group which was obviously lower than 94.74% in the control group with statistical significance（ t = - 2. 409 ;P = 0. 0085 ）. Sys- tolic blood pressure in patients with nursing intervention of observation group was obviously lower. Fasting glucose values were significantly closer to normal. The clinical index in observation group outperformed that in the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. With diabetes specific evaluation of the quality of life scale, the total score and several dimensions in observation group were significantly lower than the control group after evaluation, with statistical significance （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Nursing intervention can effectively avoid the incidence of the complications after coronary artery intervention in patients with risk, maintain systolic blood pressure, make fasting blood glucose value return to normal, lower systolic blood pressure and fasting blood sugar, and improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes. It helps to improve the rehabifitation status and social function recovery, and the application effect is good, with lower clinical medical cost.