否定性警告构式“有X好VP(的)”的判定、来源及其构式化

Determination, Source and Constructionalization of Negative Warning Construction “You X hao VP(de)”

否定性警告构式"有X好VP(的)"由常量"有"、变量"X""好VP",以及可选项"的"构成,存在三个平行构式,且与"叫/让X好VP""有什么好VP的"和紧缩复句"有X好VP"形近或形同。该构式的构件X只接纳人称代词,听说互动影响构式对代词的选择以及构式出现的频次。"有X好VP(的)"出现于非现实语境中,其构式义为否定性主观推断,语用上主要表示警告。构式"有X好VP(的)"源于"焉有……""岂有……""哪有……"类反问构式,是原有构式脱落掉反问标记,完成基本义的语境吸收和构式的意义演化,从而形成的新形式和意义配对。新构式单个构式成分的意义与整个构式意义之间的不匹配最终导致其发生构式化。

The negative warning construct ＂you X hao VP （de）＂consists of the constant ＂you＂, the variable ＂＇X＂＂hao VP＂, and the optional ＂＂de＂. There are three parallel constructions of＂you X hao VP （de） ＂and they are similar to ＂jiao/rang X hao VP＂ and compact compoundsentence ＂＂you X hao VP＂. The construction only accepts personal pronouns. Interaction between the listener and the speaker affects the choice of the pronouns and the frequency of the construction. ＂you X hao VP （de） ＂appears in the non-reality context, its constructive meaning is negative subjective inference, mainly in terms of pragmatics warning. ＂you X hao VP （de） ＂developed from ＂yanyou qiyou nayou , is the original structure offthe rhetorical question mark, complete the basic meaning of the context absorption and the meaning of the structure evolution, thus forming a new pairing of form and meaning. The mismatch between the meaning of a single constituent of a new construction and the meaning of the whole construction eventually leads to its constrcitionalization.