空间核能液态金属朗肯循环的热力学性能分析

Thermodaynamic Analysis of Space Nuclear Power System Based on Liquid Metal Rankine Cycle

随着深空探测的不断发展,空间探测器对于动力的需求也在不断增加,空间核动力系统由于其自身优良的特性已经广泛的应用到空间探测器的动力系统中。液态金属朗肯循环具有相对成熟的技术和较高的循环效率,适用于多能级、大功率的空间核动力系统中。本文应用能量分析和分析两种热力学方法对输出电功率为5 WM的空间核能朗肯循环核动力系统进行了对比分析,计算出系统各部件的能量损失和损失,找出损失最大的部件并分析原因。最后分析了不同空间环境温度的设定对于系统各部件的损失和效率的影响.

With the development of deepening exploration in space, the power demand for space probe is also increasing. Space nuclear power system has been widely applied to the power system of the space probe due to its excellet characteristics. Liquid metal Rankine cycle with relatively mature technology and high cycle effciency, is considered suitable for multi-level, high-power space nuclear power system. In this paper, two kinds of thermodynamic analysis methods, energy analysis and exergy analysis are used to analyze and compare the energy loss and exergy loss of the Rankine space nuclear power system with the output power of 5 WM, in ordet to identify and quantify the sites having largest energy and exergy losses. Finally, the influence of the setting of different space environment temperature on the exergy loss and efficiency of the components of the system is analyzed.