基于制冷循环的闭式喷雾冷却系统实验研究

Experimental Investigation of Spray Cooling System in a Closed Loop Based on Refrigeration Cycle

喷雾冷却是一种高效换热方式,有着良好的发展前景,其主要优势在于单位质量流体冷却能力强、系统中工质用量少、换热表面温度分布均匀、系统稳定性强。本文设计了使用R134-a作为工质的基于制冷循环的闭式喷雾冷却系统,研究了不同质量流量、腔内压力和热流密度情况下的冷却性能。实验结果表明,喷雾冷却的换热能力优异,最大冷却热流密度达到130 W/cm^2,同时可将表面温度控制在45℃以下,可以保证电子器件的稳定高效运行。此外,系统工质流量及腔内压力存在最优值,且表面过热度对冷却效率有显著的影响。

Spray cooling is an efficient method of heat exchange which has prominent prospects for development. Its main advantages are the high cooling capacity of unit mass fluid, the low flow rate in the system, the uniformity of temperature distribution on the surface and the strong stability of system. A closed-loop spray cooling system based on refrigeration cycle using R134-a as working fluid was built in this paper. The cooling performance under varied mass flow rate, chamber pressure and heat flux was studied. The results of spray cooling experiments showed that it has excellent heat transfer capability and the maximum critical heat flux （CHF） reached 130 W/cm^2 while the surface temperature could be controlled below 45℃ in the meantime, which could ensure the stable and efficient operation of electronic devices. In addition, there is an optimal value of the refrigerant flow rate and the chamber pressure for heat transfer, and the heating surface superheat degree has a significant effect on the cooling efficiency.